2014年12月10日 來源：新浪教育

????????現(xiàn)在飼養(yǎng)狗狗已經(jīng)成為了一種時尚了，在生活中飼養(yǎng)狗狗的家庭也非常多。 可是也有一些家庭因為家中有孩子，所以在這個方面就會非常的慎重了。其實有很多調(diào)查和研究都表明，飼養(yǎng)寵物狗的家庭中，孩子的生長發(fā)育方面要比其他的孩子更加的健康。

A dog could be a baby's best friend, according to a study in the medical journal Pediatrics。
醫(yī)學(xué)雜志《兒科學(xué)》(Pediatrics)上發(fā)布的一項研究報告顯示，狗可能是嬰兒最好的朋友。

Infants living in households with dogs were healthier and had fewer ear infections than those without a dog, the study found. Researchers also found that cats appeared to offer some protection, but the link wasn't as strong.
該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，養(yǎng)狗家庭的嬰兒比無狗家庭的嬰兒更健康，并且也較少患耳部炎癥。研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，貓似乎能提供一些保護，但兩者的關(guān)聯(lián)沒那么強。

The study, posted online Monday and based on 397 children who lived in rural and suburban parts of Finland, examined whether contact with dogs and cats during a baby's first year offers any protection from respiratory tract infections, such as colds and resulting common ear infections. 'The children having dogs at home were healthier, they had less ear infections and they needed less antibiotics,' said Eija Bergroth, the study's lead author and a pediatrician affiliated with Kuopio University Hospital in Kuopio, Finland.
這份7月9日上線的研究報告追蹤了生活在芬蘭鄉(xiāng)村和郊區(qū)的397名兒童，考查了嬰兒一歲以內(nèi)與貓狗的接觸是否能保護其免遭呼吸道感染的侵害，例如感冒和常見的并發(fā)耳部感染。報告首席作者、芬蘭庫奧皮奧大學(xué)醫(yī)院(Kuopio University Hospital)的兒科大夫艾嘉？伯格羅斯(Eija Bergroth)說，養(yǎng)狗家庭的小孩更健康，他們患耳炎的情況較少，需要的抗生素也比較少。

One measure showed children with dogs were reported as being healthy for about 73% of the time, based on weekly questionnaires, compared with about 65% of children with no dog contact at home. While the study tracked just under 400 babies, the researchers said the results were statistically significant because it relied on weekly questionnaires filled out by parents.
該研究中基于每周問卷調(diào)查的統(tǒng)計顯示，養(yǎng)狗家庭小孩約73%的時間都是健康狀態(tài)，而無狗家庭小孩的這一比例約為65%。盡管研究只追蹤了不到400名小孩，但研究者稱這些結(jié)果在統(tǒng)計學(xué)上具有顯著意義，因為它依靠的是家長們填寫的每周問卷。

Dr. Bergroth explained that children who lived in households where dogs spent 18 or more hours a day outside, showed the most healthy days, fewer fevers and the least use of antibiotics compared with babies with no dog at home. One theory is dogs that spend a lot of time outside likely bring more dirt and bacteria inside the home compared with dogs and cats that spend more time indoors, she said. Researchers believe that exposure to dirt and bacteria builds up babies' immune systems.
伯格羅斯博士解釋說，與無金毛犬價格家庭的小孩相比，那些每日在戶外時間18小時以上的狗所屬家庭的小孩健康的天數(shù)最多，更少發(fā)燒，抗生素的使用也最少。她說，一種理論是，長時間在戶外活動的狗可能比常在室內(nèi)的狗和貓帶回更多塵土和細菌。研究人員認為接觸塵土和細菌會增強寶寶的免疫系統(tǒng)。

Researchers found that 97% of babies-whose mothers were enrolled in the study during pregnancy-had a runny nose at some point during the study, most had a cough and about 40% had an ear infection. Nearly half of the children needed antibiotics.
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，97%的寶寶──他們的母親在懷孕期間就加入了這項研究──在研究期間出現(xiàn)過流鼻涕的癥狀，大部分寶寶患過咳嗽，約40%患過耳炎。將近一半的寶寶需要使用抗生素治療。

Earlier studies using smaller samples of children have shown conflicting results on the impact of animal exposure on infections and allergies, though a study funded by the National Institutes of Health showed children exposed to two or more dogs or cats in their first year had lower chances of later developing all kinds of allergies than children exposed to one or no pets.
早前以較少兒童做樣本的研究得出過相反的結(jié)論，認為接觸動物對炎癥和過敏有不良影響，不過一項由美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院(National Institutes of Health)資助的研究顯示，一歲以前接觸兩只或更多的狗或貓的小孩日后罹患各類過敏癥的幾率比只接觸一只或不接觸寵物的小孩要低得多。

Dr. Bergroth's study involved children who were born at Kuopio University Hospital in Finland between September 2002 and May 2005. The children's parents were given weekly questionnaires from the time their babies were nine weeks old until they were 1 year old. The questionnaires asked if the children had been 'hale and hearty' in the past seven days. If the child wasn't healthy parents were asked to document ailments like fever, cough, runny nose, ear infection, diarrhea, urinary tract infection or rash. Families were also asked each week if they had a dog or a cat at home and how much time the animals spent outside。
伯格羅斯博士研究中的小孩是2002年9月至2005年5月之間在芬蘭庫奧皮奧大學(xué)醫(yī)院出生的。從孩子九周至一歲，他們的父母每周會收到問卷，調(diào)查小孩在過去七天里是否“生龍活虎”。如果孩子不健康，父母被需要記錄下他們的病情，比如發(fā)燒、咳嗽、流鼻涕、耳部炎癥、腹瀉、尿路感染或皮疹。問卷同時還問及這些家庭是否養(yǎng)狗或養(yǎng)貓，以及寵物在戶外的活動時長。

The study results were tabulated looking at responses on the weekly questionnaires rather than individual children. Researchers analyzed the data in different ways to rule out other factors that could influence infection rates like breastfeeding, low-birth weight, the number of siblings and whether moms smoked during pregnancy.
研究人員將結(jié)果制成表格，研究每周的問卷反饋，而不是單個小孩。研究人員以不同方式分析了數(shù)據(jù)，從而排除了其他可能影響炎癥發(fā)生率的因素，比如母乳、低出生體重、兄弟姐妹數(shù)量，以及媽媽懷孕期間是否抽煙。

?????? 這些飼養(yǎng)金毛犬方面的問題都是經(jīng)過了嚴(yán)格的研究和大量的調(diào)查之后所得出的結(jié)論，而飼養(yǎng)狗狗確實是有很多的好處的，尤其是對孩子們的生長發(fā)育，幫助都是非常大的。因此家有孩子而去飼養(yǎng)狗狗也是一個正確的決定，而且也并不會影響到孩子的健康的。